For most diseases, you may not see a doctor any more when you have been cured. But cancer is an exception. When a patient was discharged from hospital, he has always been told to have a regular reexamination. Why?
Results of cancer treatment are divided into four types: cure, improvement, stability and deterioration. Cure generally refers to completely eradicating tumor cells through surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the early or mid-term. However, the most important thing to test the treatment is time, for example, five-year survival rate or ten-year survival rate. The emergence of tumor is slow, and the development is covert, it is very difficult for people to find out that. It can be discovered via CT or B-mode ultrasonography only when abundant tumor cells assemble and take shape.
After the clinical treatment, it will take a period of time to find out the recurrence of a mass transfer if there are residual cancer cells. That's one of the reasons why patients should have a regular reexamination after be cured. In addition, many cancer recurrence can be cured if found in time, which may prove the necessity of regular reexamination. Patients should know some symptoms and signs of tumor metastasis and recurrence when they are discharged from hospital, so they can go back to the hospital for an examination immediately when these situations arise. Treatment such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have certain side effects, including the near- and long-term harm, some symptoms can be reduced through the reexamination and treatment. Additionally post-operative complications may occur, and can be found through reexamination, then can be dealt with in time to promote rehabilitation.
Wednesday, September 10, 2008
Children As Young As Eight Using Sunbeds
Children as young as eight are using sunbeds in Britain, the consumer watchdog Which? has revealed today.
Its survey of over 1,000 eight to 15-year-olds found that three per cent had used a sunbed - equivalent to around 170,000 children in Britain.
Further interviews with 47 16- to 17-year-olds found that 13 per cent had used a sunbed.
Young people using sunbeds increase their risk of a life-threatening form of skin cancer.
A recent report from the International Agency for Research into Cancer found that people who use sunbeds before the age of 35 increase their risk of malignant melanoma by over seven times.
The Sunbed Association (TSA) instructs its members to ban under 16s and to advise people with type one skin to avoid sunbeds, but its membership covers only a quarter of the UK's 6,000 salons, and other salons are not regulated at all.
The World Health Organisation advises that under 18s, fair-skinned people and people with a lot of freckles or moles should never use sunbeds.
Despite these guidelines Which? found that many staff are failing to warn potential sunbed users about the associated health risks.
The watchdog sent undercover researchers to ten salons. All ten said someone with very pale skin could use a sunbed and just three gave a verbal warning about the risks.
A government review is currently underway on possible regulation of the sunbed industry and a proposed public health bill in Scotland includes measures to improve staff training.
Which? editor Neil Fowler described the number of children using sunbeds as "shocking".
"Without regulation, the industry needs to be responsible about protecting those most at risk, but staff at the salons we visited failed to give adequate health warnings," he added.
"We're pleased to see that the government is looking at this issue. And in the meantime if you can't live without a tan, consider faking it with a bottle rather than putting your health at risk."
Commenting on the research, Rebecca Russell, Cancer Research UK's SunSmart campaign manager, said it is "extremely shocking" to learn that eight-year-olds are using sunbeds.
"This example of poor industry practice is exactly why Cancer Research UK is calling on the government to introduce legislation to regulate the industry," she added.
"Tighter control of the industry will help to ensure that children are protected from putting themselves at an increased risk of skin cancer and that adults who choose to use sunbeds themselves are made fully aware of the risks."
Its survey of over 1,000 eight to 15-year-olds found that three per cent had used a sunbed - equivalent to around 170,000 children in Britain.
Further interviews with 47 16- to 17-year-olds found that 13 per cent had used a sunbed.
Young people using sunbeds increase their risk of a life-threatening form of skin cancer.
A recent report from the International Agency for Research into Cancer found that people who use sunbeds before the age of 35 increase their risk of malignant melanoma by over seven times.
The Sunbed Association (TSA) instructs its members to ban under 16s and to advise people with type one skin to avoid sunbeds, but its membership covers only a quarter of the UK's 6,000 salons, and other salons are not regulated at all.
The World Health Organisation advises that under 18s, fair-skinned people and people with a lot of freckles or moles should never use sunbeds.
Despite these guidelines Which? found that many staff are failing to warn potential sunbed users about the associated health risks.
The watchdog sent undercover researchers to ten salons. All ten said someone with very pale skin could use a sunbed and just three gave a verbal warning about the risks.
A government review is currently underway on possible regulation of the sunbed industry and a proposed public health bill in Scotland includes measures to improve staff training.
Which? editor Neil Fowler described the number of children using sunbeds as "shocking".
"Without regulation, the industry needs to be responsible about protecting those most at risk, but staff at the salons we visited failed to give adequate health warnings," he added.
"We're pleased to see that the government is looking at this issue. And in the meantime if you can't live without a tan, consider faking it with a bottle rather than putting your health at risk."
Commenting on the research, Rebecca Russell, Cancer Research UK's SunSmart campaign manager, said it is "extremely shocking" to learn that eight-year-olds are using sunbeds.
"This example of poor industry practice is exactly why Cancer Research UK is calling on the government to introduce legislation to regulate the industry," she added.
"Tighter control of the industry will help to ensure that children are protected from putting themselves at an increased risk of skin cancer and that adults who choose to use sunbeds themselves are made fully aware of the risks."
The Key to Early Prevention and Treatment of Cancer
For cancer treatment and prevention, we advocate the "three early": early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Early symptoms of cancer are not obvious, mainly must be found by professional inspection. Once there are symptoms, most of the cancers are in intermediate stage or terminal stage.
In recent years, the incidence of cancer was significantly increasing. 90% of the early cancers have no obvious symptoms, may not be found unless checked by professional doctors in specialist hospital. Unfortunately, most cancer patients went to the hospital to see a doctor when symptoms appeared, when cancer has developed into intermediate stage or terminal stage at that time, and they lost the best treatment opportunity. Previously, cancers mostly occurred in older groups, but in the past 20 years, cancer incidence age was 15-20 years ahead of time, and the 35-55 age group has been the major incidence groups.
For cancer treatment and prevention, we advocate the "three early": early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. The medical examination of cancer is the effectual means to find early cancer. Not everyone will be suffering from cancer, but we recommend that people should have at least one medical examination annually. To the people who have a family history of cancer, it is very necessary to have 4 medical examinations annually.
There are three groups need to do preventive medical examination:
1. Someone suffered from cancer among the direct relatives.
2. People over 45 years old.
3. Find some carcinogenesis factors.
In recent years, the incidence of cancer was significantly increasing. 90% of the early cancers have no obvious symptoms, may not be found unless checked by professional doctors in specialist hospital. Unfortunately, most cancer patients went to the hospital to see a doctor when symptoms appeared, when cancer has developed into intermediate stage or terminal stage at that time, and they lost the best treatment opportunity. Previously, cancers mostly occurred in older groups, but in the past 20 years, cancer incidence age was 15-20 years ahead of time, and the 35-55 age group has been the major incidence groups.
For cancer treatment and prevention, we advocate the "three early": early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. The medical examination of cancer is the effectual means to find early cancer. Not everyone will be suffering from cancer, but we recommend that people should have at least one medical examination annually. To the people who have a family history of cancer, it is very necessary to have 4 medical examinations annually.
There are three groups need to do preventive medical examination:
1. Someone suffered from cancer among the direct relatives.
2. People over 45 years old.
3. Find some carcinogenesis factors.
What is Bone Cancer?
Someone telling you that you have cancer is one of the most horrible things one can hear. Just thinking about all the problems that can come up and how long treatment takes can affect not only the person who has it, but also the people around them. However, the scariest part of cancer is that there are so many types of it out there, and people might not even know anything about them. Yes, everyone knows the main ones like lung, breast and brain cancer, but what about the other not so common ones. Bone cancer is one such example and is a type that is often overlooked, but it's never too early for us to become informed about it.
More than 2,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with bone cancer or a bone tumor each year. The tumors often occur in children and adolescents more than it occurs in adults. If an adult does have bone cancer, it's most likely because the disease has spread from another area in the body.
There are several types of bone cancer and the most common is called Osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma is primarily a malignant form of the cancer occurring mainly in males between 10 to 25 years of age. The cancer forms in the long bones of the arm and legs at time of rapid growth rate.
Another form of bone caner is Ewing's sarcoma. This is the most aggressive form of bone cancer and occurs in children between 4 to 15 years of age. It is more common in males but rarely occurs if they are over 30 years old.
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common form of bone cancer. It accounts for about 25% of all malignant bone tumors. However, what is interesting about this form of cancer is that it is most commonly found in adults over 40 years old. It is most commonly found in males and has a tendency to spread to the lungs. It occurs in the hips and pelvis.
These types of bone cancer are the more common forms although there are several more types which are not covered here. Cancer is becoming increasingly hard to diagnose because there are just so many different types of it. In addition, it's actually quite difficult to know where to look for it. However, the more we know about the different types of cancer, the more easier it is for us to recognize them when they occur and to take early remedial action to arrest or eradicate this deadly disease. Earlier positive intervention can increase our chances for an early recovery and a higher survival rate.
More than 2,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with bone cancer or a bone tumor each year. The tumors often occur in children and adolescents more than it occurs in adults. If an adult does have bone cancer, it's most likely because the disease has spread from another area in the body.
There are several types of bone cancer and the most common is called Osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma is primarily a malignant form of the cancer occurring mainly in males between 10 to 25 years of age. The cancer forms in the long bones of the arm and legs at time of rapid growth rate.
Another form of bone caner is Ewing's sarcoma. This is the most aggressive form of bone cancer and occurs in children between 4 to 15 years of age. It is more common in males but rarely occurs if they are over 30 years old.
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common form of bone cancer. It accounts for about 25% of all malignant bone tumors. However, what is interesting about this form of cancer is that it is most commonly found in adults over 40 years old. It is most commonly found in males and has a tendency to spread to the lungs. It occurs in the hips and pelvis.
These types of bone cancer are the more common forms although there are several more types which are not covered here. Cancer is becoming increasingly hard to diagnose because there are just so many different types of it. In addition, it's actually quite difficult to know where to look for it. However, the more we know about the different types of cancer, the more easier it is for us to recognize them when they occur and to take early remedial action to arrest or eradicate this deadly disease. Earlier positive intervention can increase our chances for an early recovery and a higher survival rate.
Monday, September 8, 2008
Brain Cancer Symptoms
Brain cancer accounts for about 1.4% of all cancer cases and about 2.4% of all cancer deaths. This may not seems like a lot but don't let the numbers fool you on the severity of brain cancer. Once the cancer turns malignant, the tumors grow aggressively and overpower the healthy cells taking up their space, blood and nutrients. This is an area of grave concern because the brain is the most important part of your body and controls everything. Whenever there is something wrong with your brain, it affects the entire body. Knowing what the brain cancer symptoms are and able to recognize these symptoms is incredibly important for our prognosis and survival from this deadly disease.
The biggest problem with brain cancer and brain tumors is that their symptoms are often nonspecific making it is very difficult to know if you have it or not, unless you are seriously looking for it. The most common symptoms of brain cancer are headaches, general weaknesses, difficulty in walking, clumsiness and seizures. Other more serious symptoms include difficulty with speech, abnormal vision, nausea, vomiting, quick emotional changes, and an altered mental state. An altered mental state can include changes in concentration, memory, intellectual capacity, attention and alertness.
Several different factors can cause these symptoms. Some of these symptoms are caused by the tumor pressing on different parts of the brain and impairing them from functioning properly. The symptoms can also be caused by the swelling of the brain, the tumor or the area around the tumor. Unfortunately, these brain cancer symptoms usually develop very slowly and gradually over time and this makes it really difficult for anyone to confirm the existence of this deadly disease. For instance, people often think that a headache is just a headache or that the dizziness felt is due to any other reasons except cancer. If these symptoms occur frequently and very rapidly, you should definitely visit your doctor to see what the problem is.
The doctors will often make you take a CT scan if they feel you have brain cancer. A CT scan is like an x-ray except in shows the brain in three-dimensions. A harmless dye is usually injected into your bloodstream to make abnormalities more visible in the CT scan. Other tests include blood tests, liver tests, urine tests and blood coagulation profiles. MRI scans are sometimes used instead of CT scans. The reason for this is because MRI has a better ability to assess the changes in a tumor.
Brain cancer is an incredibly serious form of cancer and it is important for us to know what these brain cancer symptoms are so that we can take necessary action to arrest the situation early. If you suspect you are suffering or are suffering from these symptoms, please consult your doctor early to ascertain your actual medical condition. If brain cancer is confirmed, discuss with your doctor for an appropriate course of treatment best suited for you. An early intervention increases your chances for an early recovery and a prolonged survival.
The biggest problem with brain cancer and brain tumors is that their symptoms are often nonspecific making it is very difficult to know if you have it or not, unless you are seriously looking for it. The most common symptoms of brain cancer are headaches, general weaknesses, difficulty in walking, clumsiness and seizures. Other more serious symptoms include difficulty with speech, abnormal vision, nausea, vomiting, quick emotional changes, and an altered mental state. An altered mental state can include changes in concentration, memory, intellectual capacity, attention and alertness.
Several different factors can cause these symptoms. Some of these symptoms are caused by the tumor pressing on different parts of the brain and impairing them from functioning properly. The symptoms can also be caused by the swelling of the brain, the tumor or the area around the tumor. Unfortunately, these brain cancer symptoms usually develop very slowly and gradually over time and this makes it really difficult for anyone to confirm the existence of this deadly disease. For instance, people often think that a headache is just a headache or that the dizziness felt is due to any other reasons except cancer. If these symptoms occur frequently and very rapidly, you should definitely visit your doctor to see what the problem is.
The doctors will often make you take a CT scan if they feel you have brain cancer. A CT scan is like an x-ray except in shows the brain in three-dimensions. A harmless dye is usually injected into your bloodstream to make abnormalities more visible in the CT scan. Other tests include blood tests, liver tests, urine tests and blood coagulation profiles. MRI scans are sometimes used instead of CT scans. The reason for this is because MRI has a better ability to assess the changes in a tumor.
Brain cancer is an incredibly serious form of cancer and it is important for us to know what these brain cancer symptoms are so that we can take necessary action to arrest the situation early. If you suspect you are suffering or are suffering from these symptoms, please consult your doctor early to ascertain your actual medical condition. If brain cancer is confirmed, discuss with your doctor for an appropriate course of treatment best suited for you. An early intervention increases your chances for an early recovery and a prolonged survival.
Cancer Prevention
Antioxidants are substances that may protect cells from the unstable molecules known as free radicals. Free radicals are molecules with incomplete electron shells, making them unstable. Free radical formation can be caused by various environmental exposures, including cigarette smoke, radiation, and surgery. This situation may lead to cancer if the body lacks the necessary antioxidants or is too overrun with free radicals.
In humans, the most common type of free radical is oxygen. When oxygen molecules becomes electrically charged or "radicalized," it tries to steal electrons from other molecules, causing damage to DNA and other molecules. These free radicals can be neutralized by antioxidants donating their electrons to stabilize them. Antioxidants themselves possess the special quality to be able to lose its electrons without becoming free radicals themselves. Considerable laboratory evidence indicates antioxidants may slow or prevent the development of cancer.
There are currently six classes of free radicals linked to chronic illnesses such as cancer. They are referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ORAC (oxygen radical absorption capacity) scale was developed to measure the capacities of antioxidants against free radicals. The test is used extensively in scientific research, and is used by the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging.
Antioxidants are abundant in fruits and vegetables, as well as in other foods such as grains, nuts, and select meats, poultry, and fish.The ORAC test gives the values of fruits and vegetables. The higher the score, the better to fight free radicals. Simply stated, antioxidants obtained from a healthy diet can effectively fight free radicals. However, being that there are thousands of free radical families and that no one single antioxidant can neutralize all of them, it is of extreme importance to eat a wide variety of different, brightly colored fruits and vegetables. This is something that barely 17 percent of Americans do. What percentage are you in?
In humans, the most common type of free radical is oxygen. When oxygen molecules becomes electrically charged or "radicalized," it tries to steal electrons from other molecules, causing damage to DNA and other molecules. These free radicals can be neutralized by antioxidants donating their electrons to stabilize them. Antioxidants themselves possess the special quality to be able to lose its electrons without becoming free radicals themselves. Considerable laboratory evidence indicates antioxidants may slow or prevent the development of cancer.
There are currently six classes of free radicals linked to chronic illnesses such as cancer. They are referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ORAC (oxygen radical absorption capacity) scale was developed to measure the capacities of antioxidants against free radicals. The test is used extensively in scientific research, and is used by the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging.
Antioxidants are abundant in fruits and vegetables, as well as in other foods such as grains, nuts, and select meats, poultry, and fish.The ORAC test gives the values of fruits and vegetables. The higher the score, the better to fight free radicals. Simply stated, antioxidants obtained from a healthy diet can effectively fight free radicals. However, being that there are thousands of free radical families and that no one single antioxidant can neutralize all of them, it is of extreme importance to eat a wide variety of different, brightly colored fruits and vegetables. This is something that barely 17 percent of Americans do. What percentage are you in?
The Cause and the Cause and Prevention of Cancer
The main cause of cancer particularly because of internal factors:
External factors:
Chemical carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (mainly exists in the modern industrial and modern transport emissions and cigarettes, Xunkao food); aromatic amines and azo dyes category (stored in the textile printing and dyeing, cosmetics); Asia Glass amines (widespread in the food system), metals (asbestos-containing products containing chromium compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of high, which can be carcinogenic).
Physical factors, such as ionizing radiation (including medical and occupational exposure); long-term exposure, such as the sun.
Biological factors, such as Aflatoxin (found in mouldy peanuts, corn); virus (human herpes virus, EB virus, hepatitis B virus, etc.); parasites (Xixue Chong, etc.).
Internal factors:
The lower immune function;
Large, long-term hormone;
Nervous system disorders (mental and emotional tension in long-term poor, to endocrine disorders);
Genetic factors (liver cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, and other families with a genetic phenomenon).
Prevention:
Reduce chronic stimulation: stop smoking, avoid drinking alcohol, eat too hot and provocative-food.
Infection control: prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and schistosomiasis, and other cancer-related diseases.
The timely treatment of precancerous lesions: such as chronic ulcers, chronic atrophic gastritis, such as colon polyps.
Avoid eating food containing carcinogenic substances: if mouldy peanuts, grain, salted products, preservatives.
The consumption of vitamin-rich large number of A, B, C and E of food: fresh vegetables from the main intake.
A balanced diet: fresh multi-fiber foods, to avoid.
Develop long-term the good habit of tea drinking, especially green tea.
Attention to personal hygiene: to maintain mood, appropriate exercise, avoid the use of carcinogenic substances in cosmetics, hair dyes, and so on.
External factors:
Chemical carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (mainly exists in the modern industrial and modern transport emissions and cigarettes, Xunkao food); aromatic amines and azo dyes category (stored in the textile printing and dyeing, cosmetics); Asia Glass amines (widespread in the food system), metals (asbestos-containing products containing chromium compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of high, which can be carcinogenic).
Physical factors, such as ionizing radiation (including medical and occupational exposure); long-term exposure, such as the sun.
Biological factors, such as Aflatoxin (found in mouldy peanuts, corn); virus (human herpes virus, EB virus, hepatitis B virus, etc.); parasites (Xixue Chong, etc.).
Internal factors:
The lower immune function;
Large, long-term hormone;
Nervous system disorders (mental and emotional tension in long-term poor, to endocrine disorders);
Genetic factors (liver cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, and other families with a genetic phenomenon).
Prevention:
Reduce chronic stimulation: stop smoking, avoid drinking alcohol, eat too hot and provocative-food.
Infection control: prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and schistosomiasis, and other cancer-related diseases.
The timely treatment of precancerous lesions: such as chronic ulcers, chronic atrophic gastritis, such as colon polyps.
Avoid eating food containing carcinogenic substances: if mouldy peanuts, grain, salted products, preservatives.
The consumption of vitamin-rich large number of A, B, C and E of food: fresh vegetables from the main intake.
A balanced diet: fresh multi-fiber foods, to avoid.
Develop long-term the good habit of tea drinking, especially green tea.
Attention to personal hygiene: to maintain mood, appropriate exercise, avoid the use of carcinogenic substances in cosmetics, hair dyes, and so on.
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